[3] Unearthed at a few vineyards in Rehborn have been plant and animal fossils from Rotliegend times in the Permian, some 290,000,000 years ago.

In the early 7th century, a new, small settlement began to grow between the Frankish centres of Odernheim and Meisenheim, Rehborn.

Archbishop Adalbert of Mainz (d. 1137) acknowledged to Disibodenberg Abbey those rights that it had already held in his predecessor Willigis’s time (975-1011).

Even though the village's name has nothing to do with either a spring (Brunnen in German or, less commonly, Born, but in either case cognate with the English word "bourne"[5]) or a roe deer (Reh in German, cognate with the English word "roe"[6]), the mutation of the latter syllable into —born in speech had become the norm by the mid 16th century.

Rehborn, over the course of its 1,400-year history, found itself under all kinds of lordships: the Archbishops of Mainz, Disibodenberg Abbey, its own lower nobility (shown in records from 1179 to 1373), the Counts of Veldenz, the Counts Palatine of Zweibrücken, the Revolutionary and, shortly thereafter, Napoleonic French (it lay in the Department of Mont-Tonnerre – or Donnersberg in German – from 1797 to 1814) and the Kingdom of Bavaria (later Free State of Bavaria after the Kaiser was overthrown late in the First World War, 1816 to 1945).

Rehborn was assigned to Bavaria under the terms of the Congress of Vienna and belonged to the Rheinkreis, a Bavarian exclave in the Palatinate.

Ecclesiastically, Rehborn belongs, as it long has, to the Evangelical Church of the Palatinate and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Speyer.

The municipality's arms might be described thus: Azure issuant from base a basin argent masoned sable standing in which a village fountain Or with two streams of water, in chief two mullets of the fourth.

[11] The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate’s Directory of Cultural Monuments:[12] Executed by Odernheim sculptor Philipp Leyendecker, the memorial tablet to those villagers who fell in the Franco-Prussian War was festively unveiled on the 25th anniversary of the warriors’ association on 15 July 1900.

The church windows installed in 1923 form the memorial honouring the local soldiers who fell in the First World War.