[1][5] In the fifth and most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) the criteria for Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized as of obsessions, compulsions, or both.
Common obsessive themes include fear of contamination or of losing control; aggressive thoughts; or a desire for symmetry.
Obsessive washing themes has been shown to be positively correlated with fear of contamination during sex and also sexual desire.
There is often a great deal of distress associated with these symptoms, as they tend to contradict one's personal values and the subjective experience of the relationship.
[13] Recent research suggests that partner-focused symptoms in a parent-child context can cause significant parental stress, and depression.
[2] Like other forms of OCD, psychological and biological factors are believed to play a role in the development and maintenance of ROCD.
In addition to the maladaptive ways of thinking and behaving identified as important in OCD, models of ROCD[12][14] suggest that over-reliance on intimate relationships or the perceived value of the partner for a person's feelings of self-worth and fear of abandonment (also see attachment theory) may increase vulnerability and maintain ROCD symptoms.
[19] Individuals with OCD, however, interpret these intrusive experiences as indicating something wrong with their character or as premonitions of future catastrophe.
According to CBT models, individuals with OCD give such extremely negative interpretations to intrusive experiences because they hold maladaptive beliefs.
[26] CBT with exposure and response prevention treats OCD by exposing the patient to feared thoughts or images and challenging maladaptive relationship beliefs (e.g., believing that being in love means being happy all the time) and more common OCD beliefs such as perfectionism and intolerance of uncertainty.
[27] This treatment includes exposing patients to stimuli that are often avoided due to fear coupled with preventing them from engaging in fear-neutralizing rituals.
[28] Additionally, working on social skills for relationships, such as conflict resolution and communication may be effective in reducing ROCD symptoms.
A recent meta-analysis found 42-52% of patients experience symptom remission after psychotherapy including exposure and response prevention.
[26] DBS is also a treatment for Parkinson's disease and involves using electrical signals to stimulate target brain areas.
[31] Lots of research has been done to investigate the efficacy and safety of DBS and has been found to be both safe and effective with minimal mild risks.