He was born in Normandy and entered the naval school at Brest, France.
He served in the Crimean War as a commander, and made many drawings and watercolor paintings throughout his naval career.
François Jacquin, a nephew of René Gillotin, came upon a trove of writings, drawings, sketches and watercolors by his uncle.
Based upon this discovery, he published De Constantinople a Tahiti: Seize ans d'aquarelles autour du monde, 1840-1856, en suivant Rene Gillotin in 1997.
[2] Although he is best known for his images of French Polynesia and Constantinople, he also drew and painted (presumably from life) in Africa, South America and Hawaii.