The Republic of the Congo, competing as Congo, first participated at the Olympic Games in 1964, and has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games since then.

As of 2016, a total of 74 athletes (45 men and 29 women) have represented Congo at the Olympics.

The youngest participant was Alphonse Yanghat, who ran in the 100 m sprint in 1972 at 15 years, 120 days, while the oldest was Gilles Coudray (36 years, 263 days) who competed in the 50 metres freestyle swimming event at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics.

No athlete from Congo has ever won an Olympic medal, but Franck Elemba finished fourth in the men's shot put at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

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