At the federal level, it allied, in most cases, with the Mineiro Republican Party (PRM) in elections and power alternation through the coffee with milk politics.

[1][2] During its active period, the party elected four presidents of the republic: Campos Salles (1898), Rodrigues Alves (1902 and 1918), Washington Luís (1922), and Júlio Prestes (1930).

PRP was a republican party with legal existence, even during the Empire of Brazil period, founded during the Convention of Itu on April 18, 1873.

In 1887, Bernardino de Campos definitively aligned the party with abolitionism, saving it from the crisis caused by the pro-slavery inclination of landowners.

Its official organ was the newspaper "Correio Paulistano", which, during the Second Reign, belonged to the Conservative Party and was destroyed in 1930 with the victory of the 1930 Revolution, but it resumed circulation and finally ceased its activities in the 1960s.

The primary goal of PRP was to establish a republican federation in Brazil with a high degree of administrative decentralization, which did not exist during the imperial period (1822-1889).

After the military left federal power, the Coffee with Milk politics or Oligarchic Republic originated, with the country being governed by civilian presidents strongly influenced by the agrarian sector of the economy.

But the situation of the republic is different... and it is necessary to avoid, with determined effort, the agitations without a basis in the national interest that would only serve to bring disruptive ambitions to the political arena, which have always been and will always be eternal obstacles to the effectiveness of administrative action... (and explains the need for a vice-president from Minas Gerais for Rodrigues Alves)...

Thus, the state delegations in the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies did not pose obstacles to the president of the republic, who freely conducted his government.

They controlled the elections and enjoyed the support of the agrarian elite, at the time called the conservative classes, from other states in Brazil.

With the new republican regime, PRP ceased to be a party of social class and opposition, as it was during the Second Reign, when it was, in fact, a vehicle for the political demands of the great abolitionist coffee planters who used European wage labor.

It was up to Campos Sales, when president of the State of São Paulo, in 1897 and 1898, to weaken the PRF and municipalism by pressuring the interior colonels to join PRP.

PRP was defeated in the presidential elections of 1910 when the São Paulo president Albuquerque Lins was the vice-presidential candidate on Rui Barbosa's ticket in the so-called Civilist Campaign.

The leaders who had the most strength on the executive board of PRP were President Jorge Tibiriçá Piratininga, who died in 1928, Colonel Fernando Prestes de Albuquerque, and Dr. Altino Arantes Marques, both deceased after the end of the Old Republic.

On March 1, 1930, the presidential candidate of the Republic Party (PRP), Júlio Prestes, received 90% of the valid votes in the State of São Paulo.

Heitor Penteado, the acting vice-president of São Paulo and president of the state, was deposed on October 24, 1930, arrested, and exiled.

The 1930 Revolution and the rise of Getúlio Vargas to power broke this cycle, leading to the extinction of all parties, which only returned in the 1933 elections.

In its final years, the PRP launched its last star in politics as a constituent state deputy, Adhemar Pereira de Barros.

During this time, the PRP opposed Governor Armando de Sales Oliveira and did not support him when he ran for president in the elections scheduled for January 1938.

Adhemar de Barros and Fernando Costa, historical perrepistas, were appointed interveners of São Paulo during the dictatorship.