It was founded in 1970 by Greeks from Western Europe, mainly students, who considered conservative and timid the political positions and practice of existing marxist - leninist greek organisations (OMLE etc.

After the fall of the dictatorship, he became active in the student sector, supported the factory trade union movement, while significant activity in the support for strikers, in districts facing emergency problems, etc.

[2] The RCP adopted the Chinese Maoist "three worlds theory", according to which the number one danger is the Soviet social-imperialist superpower.

This policy, its support for the new China's new leadership after Mao's death and the persecution of his collaborators in the Cultural Revolution, the insistence on projecting the danger of the outbreak of a Greek-Turkish war, and even with the instigation of the USSR, but also the fatigue of much of its potential from intensive activism, at a time of the Greek and international Marxism Leninism current, created problems in its ranks.

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