[6] Among the distinguishing characters of the genus are two series of stamens totaling twice the number of petals; free or nearly free petals (not joined in a tube); a stout rhizome from whose axils the flowering stems rise; and a basal rosette of leaves.

[10] Traditionally Rhodiola was divided into subgenera, sections and series, based on plant characteristics.

[10] Species include:[12] The name combines the Greek rhodon, meaning rose and referring to the rose-like smell of the roots, with the Latin diminutive suffix -iola.

[14] Rhodiola is sold to promote a variety of uses, specifically in physical health, with the plant being used historically in medicine throughout Europe.

[15] A number of species are grown as ornamentals, but growing them is difficult outside their native subarctic and alpine climates.