The rifleman (Acanthisitta chloris) (Māori: tītipounamu) is a small insectivorous passerine bird that is endemic to New Zealand.

[5] The rifleman is New Zealand's smallest endemic bird, with fully grown adults reaching around 7 to 9 cm (2.8–3.5 in) in length.

[3] The rifleman flies quickly with a wing beat producing a characteristic humming sound like a hummingbird.

[7] The true habitat of this bird is thinly wooded forests, but other similar New Zealand species live near rocky outcrops.

The rifleman is the most widespread species of acanthisittid in the two main islands of New Zealand but occurs only rarely in latitudes north of Te Aroha.

[8] The bird was once common across New Zealand, but the fragmentation of forests from land development has meant less habitat and more isolated populations.

[9] Both sexes are responsible for building the nest, which is a dome or ovoid of finely interwoven blades of grass, down feathers, and other light materials.

[11] The rifleman is insectivorous and searches for maggots and small insects on tree trunks and among leaf litter on the forest floor.