Rinaldo d'Este (26 April 1655 – 26 October 1737) was Duke of Modena and Reggio from 1694 until his death, as well as a member of the House of Este.

Created cardinal on 2 September 1686,[1] he left the ecclesiastical career in 1694 to succeed his nephew Francesco II as duke.

At the outbreak of the War of Spanish Succession (1702) he declared neutrality, but this did not prevent the French troops from capturing Modena.

Charlotte Aglaé received an enormous dowry of 1.8 million livres, half of which was contributed in the name of the young king, Louis XV, on orders of the Regent.

From her adopted country, Charlotte Aglaé received a trousseau consisting of diamonds and portraits of her future husband.

Again French troops forced him to move to Bologna, but a peace in 1736 was again favourable for the Este, who obtained the county of Novellara and Bagnolo.