They live in the area of the Rio Pardo of Mato Grosso, Brazil but because of constant threats from the outside world they are usually on the move.
[2] Neighboring tribes call the Kawahiva "Baixinhos" (tiny people) or "Cabeças vermelhas" (red heads).
Survival International, a group that campaigns for the rights of indigenous tribal peoples, speculates that women of the tribe have stopped giving birth.
[4] According to James S. Olson,"The Munduruku expansion (in the 18th century) dislocated and displaced the Kawahíb, breaking the tribe down into much smaller groups ".
[5] Rumors of a modern Kawahiva tribe date back as far as the 1980s, but the first definitive report of their existence came from loggers working in the area in 1999.
[9] Subsequently, FUNAI found abandoned villages believed to belong to the Kawahiva, complete with food, supplies, and hunting tools.
[10] Survival International said it received reports of heavily armed loggers attempting to track down and kill the Kawahiva.
[9] In 2012, the land was turned into an official reservation granting additional protection for the Kawahiva, but farmers and loggers wishing to develop the region remained hostile toward the tribe.
[4] In August 2013, the Kawahiva made international headlines when the Brazilian government released video of the tribe filmed in 2011.
According to linguist Ana Suely Arruda Cabral, the conversation is about finding a place to stop for the evening.