Rio Vermelho (English: red river) is a neighborhood in the southern zone of Salvador, Bahia.

Diogo Álvares Correia (c. 1475–1557), better known as Caramuru, a Portuguese explorer and settler, shipwrecked off Rio Vermelho between 1510 and 1511.

Mem de Sá, the third General Governor of Brazil, established the village of Rio Vermelho in 1557, which was later absorbed into the city of Salvador.

[2] Rio Vermelho is home to Festa da Yemenjá, an important celebration in the Candomblé religion.

A major part of the neighborhood is a protected historic district by the State of Bahia (Área de Proteção Contígua--Rio Vermelho).