Rioja Alavesa

To the south, its geographical limit is marked by the Ebro River, its border with the neighboring autonomous community of La Rioja.

Although geographically part of the river's left bank, these municipalities form a wedge of land technically belonging to the autonomous community of La Rioja.

In 2023 researchers examined the remains of 338 individuals from a mass grave in a cave, dated to the late neolithic.

They concluded many of those buried in the shallow grave showed signs of violent, unhealed injuries, the result of the first large-scale warfare in Europe.

[3] On the slopes of the Sierra de Toloño, parts of the Rioja Alavesa may benefit from the cooler temperatures found at these higher altitudes.