He was the son of the Revd William Butts, rector of Hartest, near Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk.
In 1717 Butts was appointed by Lord Bristol to the family living of Ickworth, and in 1728 he became chaplain to George II, receiving his degree of D.D.
Three years later, on 6 February 1731, he was appointed dean of Norwich, retaining the living of Ickworth in commendam, till his succession to the bishopric on 20 January 1733.
He was consecrated by Bishop Edmund Gibson of London, at Bow Church, 25 February.
His first wife was Miss Elizabeth Eyton, who died of consumption in 1734, at the age of forty-four, leaving two sons and five daughters.