Robert Dalby (died 1589) was an English Catholic priest and martyr.

Becoming a Catholic, he entered the English College at Rheims on 30 September 1586 to study for the priesthood.

He was arrested almost immediately upon landing at Scarborough on the Yorkshire coast and imprisoned in York Castle.

Given the 1585 Act making it a capital offence to be a Catholic priest in England the terrible sentence of hanging, drawing and quartering was inevitable.

Robert Dalby had to watch his fellow priest be hanged and quartered before his own turn came, but he displayed no hesitation in going to his death.