Robert Hamilton (c.1530–1581) was a Church of Scotland minister who served as Moderator of the General Assembly in 1572 and was Principal of New College in St Andrews.
He is first mentioned in the first General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in December 1560 where he is minuted as being "maist (most) qualified for ministering and teaching".
[1] At some time between November 1565 and September 1566 he became minister of St Andrews Parish Church, in place of Christopher Goodman.
[2] In 1576 the General Assembly ordered him to give up the Principalship as they perceived a conflict with his ministry.
Following Hamilton's death, Elspeth married Thomas Buchanan, minister of Ceres and Moderator in 1588.