Robert Henry Lyttelton (18 January 1854 – 7 November 1939) was an English cricketer who appeared in seven first-class matches between 1873 and 1880.

In his later years he was known for his views about sportsmanship in cricket, and he successfully campaigned for changes in the laws of the game to penalise blocking the wicket with the legs.

He was in Oppidan Wall and Keeper of Fives, and played a number of cricket matches for the school during his time there.

The Gentlemen won the match by three wickets, but Edward and Alfred outperformed their brother, who did not bowl, and scored one run in his only batting innings.

[10] The Times said of him, "'Bob' Lyttelton, though not famous as a cricketer like some of his brothers owing to a certain slowness of foot, was a close student and an able critic of the game".

[6] Lyttelton was a strong believer that blocking the wicket with the legs was unsportsmanlike, and battled to outlaw the manoeuvre for over thirty years, even going so far as suggesting that if the ball strikes any part of the batsman at all in front of the stumps then he should be given out.

[15] After leaving Cambridge Lyttelton studied farming, on the estate of Lord Wenlock at Escrick, near York.

[2] His nephew George Lyttelton wrote of him, "My uncle Bob was a solicitor – and far the stupidest of all the eight brothers.