[1] In time West Francia evolved into the Kingdom of France;[3] and under Odo, the royal capital was fixed in Paris.

He did not claim the crown of West Francia when his brother died in 898; instead recognizing the supremacy of the Carolingian king, Charles the Simple.

Charles then confirmed Robert in his offices and possessions, after which he continued to defend northern Francia from the attacks of Vikings.

Supported by many of the clergy and by some of the most powerful of the Frankish nobles, Robert took up arms, drove Charles into Lotharingia, and was himself crowned king of the Franks (rex Francorum) at Rheims on 29 June 922.

[7] Robert's rule was contested by the Viking leader Rollo, who had settled in the Duchy of Normandy in 911 with the permission of Charles the Simple.