[4][5] Upon graduating law school, he held a judicial clerkship with Levin H. Campbell of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit and served as an associate at the Boston law firm Choate, Hall & Stewart He worked as a federal prosecutor in the U.S. Attorney's office in Boston before joining the counsel's office at Harvard University.

As part of his responsibilities for the U.S. Attorney’s office, Iuliano investigated and prosecuted criminal violations of the federal drug, tax, fraud, money-laundering, and labor laws [6] Iuliano served as senior vice president, general counsel, and deputy to the president at Harvard University [7] from 1994 to 2019.

[11] In response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Pennsylvania, Iuliano designated a one-week lockdown period for all students at Gettysburg College in September 2020.

[12][13] Iuliano also required all upperclassmen to return home for the fall semester, being the first American college to implement such a measure.

Faculty from the Gettysburg English Department, as well as students and alumni who had served as interns at the Review, and the wider literary community, spoke out against Iuliano's decision, questioning his commitment to equity and liberal-arts education.