The Robespierre Monument (Russian: Памятник Робеспьеру, romanized: Pamyatnik Robyesp'yeru) was one of the first monuments erected in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (later part of the Soviet Union), raised in Moscow on 3 November 1918 – just ahead of the first anniversary of the October Revolution, which had brought the Bolsheviks to power.

[1] It depicted Maximilien de Robespierre, a prominent figure of the French Revolution.

Located in Alexander Garden, it had been designed by the sculptor Beatrice Yuryevna Sandomierz (Russian: Беатриса Юрьевна Сандомирская, romanized: Beatrica Yur'yevna Sandomirskaya).

[4] Lacking bronze or marble, the monument was instead constructed using concrete, with hollow pipes running through it.

[5] Over the following days different newspapers supplied varying versions as to why it collapsed, with Znamya Trudovoi Kommuny and others saying it was the work of "criminal" (counter-revolutionary) hands, and Izvestia stating the statue's demise was caused by improper construction.