The Rochester Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. state of New York.

It intersects the West Shore Subdivision, which provides a southern bypass of Rochester, at Fairport (CP-359) and Churchville (CP-382).

[1][2] Amtrak's Empire Service, Lake Shore Limited, and Maple Leaf operate over the entire Rochester Subdivision.

[5] The Buffalo and Rochester Railroad was built from Depew east to Batavia in 1852, replacing the old, longer route via Attica.

In the 1850s, New York Central Railroad took over the line in an effort to build new direct routes.