Rodríguez (Spanish pronunciation: [roˈðɾiɣeθ], [roˈðɾiɣes]) is a Spanish-language patronymic surname of Visigothic origin (meaning literally Son of Rodrigo; Germanic: Roderickson) and a common surname in Spain and Latin America.

The name Rodrigo is the Spanish form of the German name Roderich, meaning "rich in fame", from the Gothic elements "hrod" (fame or glory) and "ric" (rich).

It was the name of Roderic, the last Visigothic King before the Muslim conquest, and the subject of many legends.

In Belgium the House of Rodriguez d'Evora y Vega was for generations Great Breadmaster of Flanders, see: Marquess of Rode.

As of 2014, 25.9% of all known bearers of the surname Rodríguez were residents of Mexico (frequency 1:52), 10.3% of Spain (1:49), 9.8% of Colombia (1:53), 9.2% of the United States (1:426), 8.4% of Venezuela (1:39), 5.9% of Cuba (1:21), 5.9% of Argentina (1:79), 3.2% of Peru (1:108), 2.7% of the Dominican Republic (1:41), 2.2% of Honduras (1:43), 1.6% of Ecuador (1:107), 1.6% of Panama (1:27), 1.6% of the Philippines (1:708), 1.3% of Bolivia (1:87), 1.3% of Chile (1:146), 1.3% of Guatemala (1:135), 1.2% of El Salvador (1:58), 1.2% of Costa Rica (1:44), 1.2% of Uruguay (1:32), 1.1% of Puerto Rico (1:35), and 1.1% of Nicaragua (1:60).