His father worked as a primary school principal, while his mother was employed at a local bank before becoming a full-time homemaker to care for Busch and his older brother.

Under Ries' mentorship, Busch explored the practical applications of physics, which influenced his decision to join Siemens after completing his doctorate.

In addition to his various roles in Siemens subsidiaries, Busch is a member of the management board at Zentralverband Elektrotechnik- und Elektronikindustrie and Plattform Industrie 4.0.

[12] In interviews, Busch has described his political orientation as centrist, expressing opposition to both right-wing populism and radical left-wing positions.

While acknowledging the importance of addressing climate change, he has defended market-based economic systems, citing capitalism's role in reducing global poverty and increasing life expectancy.