Roland Hill Hartley (June 26, 1864 – September 21, 1952) was a Canadian-American politician who served as the tenth governor of Washington from 1925 to 1933.

Born in New Brunswick, Canada, he moved to Minnesota in the United States as a young man and entered the timber industry.

Hartley, the eighth of twelve children, was born at Shogomoc in the British colony of New Brunswick on June 26, 1864.

After moving to Minnesota, he worked summers on bonanza farms in Dakota Territory and winters in the logging industry.

His father-in-law was elected Governor of Minnesota in 1895, and in 1897 Hartley began serving as his private secretary.

[3] During the Spanish–American War of 1898, he additionally served as the Governor's representative and staff aide to the Minnesota National Guard, acquiring the honorific title of Colonel.

He lost the Republican primary to lieutenant governor John Arthur Gellatly and was succeeded by Clarence D. Martin.