Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, Kaiser William, Otto von Bismarck, Heinrich Heine, Ludwig Uhland, Karl Simrock, the Brothers Grimm and Friedrich Nietzsche went there, as well as the musicians Johannes Brahms, Clara Schumann and Franz Liszt.

In 1958 the president of the Deutsche Bundesbahn's Mainz region decided that "oversized" areas would be demolished and a small reception building would be established.

Hans Arp, Oskar Kokoschka, Bruno Goller [de], Günther Uecker, Gotthard Graubner, Stefan Askenase, Yehudi Menuhin, Martha Argerich, Martin Walser and Marcel Marceau represent some of the people who participated.

In keeping with a tradition created by Johannes Wasmuth, works by the British painter Stephen McKenna that include colourful ironical quotations from the history of art were retained in the station's washrooms and bistro.

In the course of the modifications further functional areas of the museum were equipped by various artists: the washroom by Maria Nordman, the bistro by Anton Henning, the library by the Swiss Thomas Huber, and the museum's helicopter landing pad was developed in the style of the Ingold airline project of Swiss artist Res Ingold (that is the logos, corporate identity, advertising and presentation material of a fictitious airline).