The diocese is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień.

The Diocese of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg's cathedral is the Katedra Niepokalanego Poczęcia NMP, in Koszalin.

There is also a co-cathedral, the minor basilica Bazylika Konkatedralna Wniebowzięcia NMP, in Kołobrzeg, both in Zachodniopomorskie.

[1] According to the Polish Institute of the Catholic Church Statistics, weekly mass attendance was 25% in 2013 making the diocese the second least devoutly religious one in Poland after the Archdiocese of Szczecin-Kamień.

In 1015 it was however suppressed, its territory being reassigned partly to the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Gniezno (from 1145 however signed over to the exempt Diocese of Kammin), and partly to establish the Diocese of Kujawy–Pomorze (which would merge into aforementioned Gniezno).