The Roman Catholic Diocese of Mogadishu (Latin: Mogadiscen(sis)) is a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church located in the city of Mogadishu, Somalia.

The see has been vacant since the assassination of the last bishop, Salvatore Colombo, in 1989.

The diocese is a member of the Conference of the Latin Bishops of the Arab Regions.

In the pre-independence period, British Somaliland was under the care of the Apostolic Vicariate of Arabia, like the Apostolic Vicariate of the Galla (including French Somaliland as well as its Ethiopian main territory) confided to the Order of Friars Cappuccini.

Italian Somaliland was from 1904 the "Prefecture Apostolic of Benadir", and entrusted to the ancient Trinitarian Order.