The Diocese of Petrolina (Latin: Dioecesis Petrolinensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Southern Brazil.

It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Olinda e Recife.

Its cathedra is in Catedral Sagrado Coração de Jesus e Cristo Rei, dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Christ the King, in the episcopal see of Petrolina in the state of Pernambuco.

As of 2015[update], it pastorally served 350,500 Catholics (83.0% of 422,100 total population) on 16,260 km2 in 23 parishes and 2 missions with 25 priests (22 diocesan, 3 religious), 28 lay religious (3 brothers, 25 sisters) and 18 seminarians.

This article on a Roman Catholic diocese in Brazil is a stub.