Rose Cohen (Russian: Роза Морисовна Коэн, romanized: Roza Morisovna Koen; 20 May 1894 – 28 November 1937) was an English feminist, suffragist, and founding member of the Communist Party of Great Britain in 1920.

[4][5] After leaving the family home, Rose lived with her sister Nellie, Daisy Lansbury and May O’Callaghan in a shared flat on Grays Inn Road, London.

[4][6] In the 1910s, Rose and Nellie became active members of the East London Federation of Suffragettes led by Sylvia Pankhurst.

[7] Her education allowed Rose Cohen to get a job at London County Council, where she worked until 1917, and later in the Labour Research Department.

In 1922–23 she spent long periods in the Soviet Union, and also travelled to Finland, Germany, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, Turkey, France, Norway, Sweden and Denmark.

[7][12] In 1925, Cohen worked in the Soviet embassy in London and also spent several months in Paris on a secret mission for the Comintern, and handled large sums of money for the Communist Party of France.

[7] In 1930, Cohen enrolled at the International Lenin School of the Comintern, and from 1931 she was an employee and later chief of the Foreign Department and the editor of the Moscow Daily News.

Petrovsky was aware of the danger emerging in the Soviet Union following the murder of Sergei Kirov in 1934, the assassination that functioned as the catalyst for the Great Purge.

Cohen was accused of being: "a member of the anti-Soviet organization in the Comintern, spying for Great Britain, and the resident of British intelligence".

She "pleaded not guilty, denied all charges, and refused to confirm her testimony given during the preliminary investigation, claiming it was false".

[22] The CPGB opposed efforts by the British government to get Cohen released, describing her arrest as an internal affair of the Soviet Union.

[24] After the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (February 1956), Cohen's son filed an appeal to review her case.

[8] On 8 August 1956, the Military Collegium of the Soviet Union Supreme Court invalidated the 28 November 1937 ruling against Cohen.

In 1940 he was adopted from the orphanage by David Petrovsky’s cousin Rebecca Belkina, a doctor, and a major of the armed forces' medical service during the Second World War.

She succeeded in getting permission for Alyosha’s adoption when she lived with her family in political exile in Tobolsk, Siberia under Article 58 of the Soviet Penal Code.