Rosheim (French pronunciation: [ʁo.sajm] ⓘ; Alsatian: Rose) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

[3] It lies 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Strasbourg, on the eastern slopes of the Vosges mountains.

It is a winemaking town on the tourist "Road of the Wines of Alsace" and the Route Romane d'Alsace ("Romanesque route of Alsace").

From the 14th to 17th centuries, Rosheim was an Imperial City of the Holy Roman Empire, and founded the Décapole confederation with nine other Alsatian Imperial Cities in 1354, the goal was to maintain their rights.

Like the other Decapolitan cities, it was awarded to France by the Peace of Westphalia and finally lost its independence under the Treaties of Nijmegen and was annexed by France.