Rot-Front (Russian Рот-Фронт) is a settlement 60 kilometres east of Bishkek in the Chüy Region of Kyrgyzstan, near the border of Kazakhstan.
The village of Bergtal, one of several originally German settlements in Kyrgyzstan, was established on the very rich black soil of the Chüy Valley, at the foot of the Tian Shan mountains, by Baptist and Mennonite families who had emigrated from East Frisia some three hundred years earlier to escape forced military service.
In the first year of settlement, 41 simlins (earth dwellings) made of mud bricks with thatched roofs were built along the village street, which were about 2 metres deep into the ground and about 80 centimetres above the surface.
From 1986, when perestroika was announced under Mikhail Gorbachev, until the collapse of the Soviet Union, the vast majority of residents had applied for resettlement to Germany.
[6] After Kyrgyzstan's independence in 1991, arising from the collapse of the Soviet Union, the remaining German residents received permission to display the village's original name, Bergtal, on their road signs, underneath the official designation of "Rotfront".
[2] Generous financial and material aid from the German government for the local agricultural cooperative has, however, for the most part been wasted or misused.
[9] Today, Bergtal/Rotfront has the second largest community of people of German background in central Asia, although a majority of the population of the village is now of Kyrgyz descent.