The desecrated synagogue is located in Kameralamtsgasse 6, former Judengasse, close to Kapellenkirche [de] and next to Bischöfliches Konvikt and gymnasium.

In 1349, Black death led to slaughters of Jews across Europe, including in Rottweil.

In 1813 Jews in Rottweil asked Frederick I of Württemberg for the profaned church of St John the Baptist in order to establish a synagogue there.

[5] In 1861, the Synagogenbauverein acquired the building from the former mayor Dr. Rapp[6] and furnished it with a prayer room the same year.

Memorial plaques with the names of Jewish soldiers in World War I were destroyed.

[8] His wife Emilie Wälder was an eyewitness and depicted the happenings in the Kristallnacht, the extent of the devastation in the synagogue, the temporary arrest of her husband in the Dachau concentration camp, as well as the daily fear of being deported when it became known that the Jews in the region were deported to the Gurs internment camp in southern France since fall 1940.