Rouffach (French pronunciation: [ʁufak] ⓘ; German and Alsatian: Rufach) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

In the 5th century, the walled village (oppidum) beneath the stronghold of Isenburg was a residence of the Merovingian kings.

The golden age ended abruptly with the Thirty Years' War, when the town was devastated by the Swedes.

The city again achieved prosperity, chiefly due to wine growing and the production of kirsch from the cherry orchards connected with the chateau, and because it was spared during the following wars.

During the time of Nazi annexation, a Nationalpolitische Erziehungsanstalt (National Political Institute of Education, NEPA, popularly known as Napola) was housed in a former sanatorium of the city (as of October 1940).