The route availability for a line is calculated by taking into account bridge strength, track condition, structural issues and so on.
A route availability of one (RA1) is the most restricted line, open to possibly one type of locomotive specially designed for it.
A route availability of 10 is the most open, usable by any locomotive that fits within the GB loading gauge that has been 'passed' for it (checked for conflicts with infrastructure such as platforms).
Network Rail currently gives the allowed axle loadings as follows:[2][3] Before nationalisation the Big Four railway companies had their own classification systems.
GWR's system for classification featured a coloured disc painted on the locomotive cab side to indicate its route availability: