The Royal Academy of Economic and Financial Sciences (Spanish: Real Academia de Ciencias Económicas y Financieras, RACEF) is a Spanish institution dedicated to the study, research and promotion of economic and financial sciences.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the idea of creating a scientific-cultural institution in economic, financial and commercial matters bloomed again, also in Barcelona, but the civil war disrupted those plans.

After the war, in 1940 the Academic Society for Economic-Financial Research was established and, in May of that year, the second government of Francisco Franco formalized its constitution, renaming it as "Academy of Economic and Financial Sciences".

On 3 January 1958 new regulations for the institution were approved by the Ministry of National Education, this time adding the title of "Royal" to its name.

After the restoration of the monarchy in 1975, King Juan Carlos I ratified this point by Royal Decree of 7 December 1979,[1] and he visited the academy for the first time on 16 February 2004.