The Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (RCPI), (Irish: Coláiste Ríoga Lianna na hÉireann) is an Irish professional body dedicated to improving the practice of general medicine and related medical specialities, chiefly through the accreditation of physicians by examination.

[citation needed] Since 2011, the college premises have also housed the Apothecaries' Hall of Ireland, its activities, artefacts and archive.

The Heritage Centre holds one of the most important and extensive collections of printed, manuscript material and items relating to the history of medicine and medical education in Ireland.

[4] Among the famous past presidents of the College were William Fetherstone Montgomery, Sir Patrick Dun (1681–93), Bryan Robinson(1718, 1727, 1739), Henry Marsh (1841), Robert James Graves (1843), William Stokes (1849), and Sir Dominic Corrigan (1859–1863).

[8] On 30 March 2021, the College announced that the General Medical Council (GMC) of the United Kingdom has recognized five qualifications issued by the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland on their list of acceptable postgraduate qualifications for the purposes of full GMC registration.

Fellowship of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (FRCPI) is an international benchmark of professional excellence, reserved for doctors who have made substantial contributions to their speciality and whose published works and attainments meet the high expectations of the College.

[10] As of January 2022, the college has a total number of 14,098 members in good standing (who have paid their annual subscription fees) and in different membership categories.