Although Buckingham's citizens supported Catherine of Aragon and her daughter Mary Tudor, and were opposed to the Reformation, the Chantry Chapel in which the Royal Latin School was based, rather than being destroyed by Edward VI (as many similar establishments were) was instead converted into the Royal Latin School.

King Edward VI granted a charter for the school, for 30-40 pupils, in 1548 with an endowment of £10 and with 12 trustees.

[4] A major fire in 1696 destroyed the Master's House which was rebuilt by Alexander Denton, complete with a garden.

[5] The Chantry Chapel dedicated to St John the Baptist and Thomas Becket had an original Romanesque doorway, and served as the main schoolroom.

An early 19th-century Master was the Oxford-educated aristocrat Rev William Eyre MA, the vicar of Padbury.

The warm brown brickwork of the 1963 extensions complements the stone-built structure of the earlier buildings, the whole is enhanced by its parkland setting on the outskirts of Buckingham.

[4] Brookfield House and its grounds have been expanded over recent years to accommodate the growing size of the school and the fact that many of the older buildings, given the larger number of students, were becoming inadequate for use on such a large scale.

The U15s surpassed this record in 2013 reaching the final at Twickenham Stadium, where they beat Felsted School 19–13 to win the vase.