The Ruanda-Urundi franc was a currency issued for the Belgian mandate territory of Ruanda-Urundi in 1960–62 which continued to circulate within its successor states of Rwanda and Burundi until 1964.
With the independence of Rwanda and Burundi in 1962, the shared Ruanda-Urundi franc continued to circulate until 1964 when it was eventually replaced by two separate national currencies.
The franc became the currency of Rwanda and Burundi in 1916, when the two countries were occupied by Belgium and the Belgian Congo franc replaced the German East African rupie.
In 1960, the Belgian Congo franc was replaced by the Ruanda-Urundi franc, issued by the Banque d'Émission du Rwanda et du Burundi (BERB).
Some notes were overprinted in 1961 for use as Katangese francs in the successionist state of Katanga in the Congo.