Rudolf Kauschka (2 October 1883, in Fukov, Bohemia – 2 April 1960, Kempten, West Germany) was a German sportsman, tourist, and mountaineer from Czechoslovakia.

From 1920 until the end of World War II, he and his friends annually visited the Lasörling area in East Tyrol, where he played a role in building the New Liberec Chalet (Neue Reichenberger Hütte in German) that opened in 1926.

He later climbed the Lusatian and Zittauer (part of the Breiteberg chain) mountains, Bohemian Paradise (the first ascent on Draci zub in 1906) and Saxon Switzerland (Blocksstockes).

A rock in the Jizera Mountains, Kauschkova věž (i.e. "Kauschka's Tower"), was named in his honor.

Kauschka's son Manfred was also a climber, doing the first ascent on Kobyla in Příhrazy (famous route to the local well-known sandstone tower) in 1937 with friends.