Rudolf Koch-Erpach (9 April 1886 – 28 November 1971) was a German general during World War II who commanded the LVI Panzer Corps and the 1st Army.

From 1 November 1940 to 1 March 1941, Koch-Erpach commanded the German LX Corps.

After a short break, he briefly commanded the XXXV Corps from 1 April 1941 to 1 May 1941.

From 26 January 1945 to 10 April 1945, Koch-Erpach commanded the LVI Panzer Corps.

Later in 1945, Koch-Erpach was acting commander of the German 1st Army for two days before the war ended, from 6 May to 8 May.