Rudolf Ulrich Krönlein (19 February 1847 – 26 October 1910) was a Swiss surgeon who was a native of Stein am Rhein.
Krönlein studied medicine in Zurich, where he was a student and assistant to surgeon Edmund Rose (1836–1914).
In 1872, he received his medical doctorate at Zurich with a dissertation on treatment of open wounds.
[1] Later he furthered his studies in Berlin under Bernhard von Langenbeck (1810–1887), and in 1874 became director of the surgical clinic at Giessen.
He was also a pioneer involving lung resections, and his name is associated with "Krönlein's operation", which is a lateral orbitotomy of the eye.