[2] The thallus of Rusavskia is characterised by its foliose (leaf-like) structure with distinct and typically narrow lobes that curve outwards.

The initial circumscription of the genus relied predominantly on an evaluation of morphological, anatomical and chemical characteristics, with a notable absence of molecular phylogenetic analysis.

Additionally, Rusavskia may possess pycnidia, which are embedded reproductive structures, and produce ellipsoid-shaped conidia (asexual spores).

While it was believed to lack attachment organs, it was later found that species like R. elegans and R. sorediata have hapters, albeit short ones.

Although some experts hesitated to accept the distinct classification of Rusavskia, genetic evidence firmly sets it apart from Xanthoria and other related groups.