Diplomatic relations were established on 8 April 1992 and the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation was signed in Moscow on 31 July of that year.

On 23 April 2002, Presidents Niyazov and Putin signed a new Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation in Ashgabat.

[1] Dmitry Medvedev and Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov discussed the prospects of further expanding their trade and economic ties.

[3] The presidents toured the new centre, accompanied by the chief executive of KamAZ, Sergei Kogogin.

The head of the company described the technical features of the vehicles, noting in particular that they are capable of working in temperatures ranging from minus 45 to plus 50 degrees.

[5] Recently, Russian–Turkmenistan relations have revolved around Russia's efforts to secure natural gas export deals from Turkmenistan.

Russia is competing with China, the European Union, and the United States for access to Turkmenistan's rich supply of hydrocarbons.

[7][8] Turkmen president Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow has agreed to help supply and expand the Russian-backed Pricaspiysky pipeline, however no action has yet occurred towards this goal.