Ascheberg was born on the estate Berbonen (Perbohnen) in Courland (today part of Latvia) on 2 June 1621.

[1] At the age of 13, he served as a page for Colonel Brink of the Swedish army, who was fighting in the Thirty Years' War in Germany.

During the remaining part of the Thirty Years' War, Ascheberg fought under Field Marshals Lennart Torstenson and Carl Gustaf Wrangel.

In 1655, he was offered a position as lieutenant colonel and command of a regiment within the Swedish army, which was preparing for war against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

As a token of his appreciation, Swedish king Charles X Gustav gave Ascheberg a rapier he had used in battle.

[3] He narrowly escaped being caught when the enemy under Frederick William of Brandenburg and Polish commander Stefan Czarniecki attacked Sønderborg in December 1658.

After spending 10 weeks in bed, a recovered Ascheberg returned to the battlefield in time to be in charge of the conquest of the island of Møn in May 1659.

[3] He left Bohuslän for Scania and acted as commander in a number of battles, often alongside king Charles XI.

[3] In November 1678, after the hostilities had practically ended but before a peace treaty had been negotiated, Ascheberg was handed the highest position within the Swedish army: Field Marshal.

[2]After the Scanian war had ended in December 1679, Ascheberg was appointed Governor-General of Gothenburg, Bohuslän and Dalsland.

[2] Among the manors and estates that Ascheberg owned at the time of his death were Kastellegården, Gullmarsberg, Holma, Torreby, Stenungsön and Ström, in Bohuslän, as well as Sövdeborg, Agerup and Tosterup in Scania.