[2] The elevation is 676 m. It was founded by Colonel Antônio Marçal Nogueira de Barros in 1870.

[3] In the late 1800s and the early 1900s the town received a mass of immigration from northern Italy, those immigrants went to town for working in the coffee fields in replacement of the slave workforce, since slaves were set free in 1888 by an act of Princess Elizabeth.

In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo.

The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).

This geographical article relating to the state of São Paulo is a stub.