Initial trajectory models suggested the pair could be merging either before the end of 2022 or, alternatively, no later than 2025.

[1][2] The original claim of periodic variations was made in January 2022 in an unrefereed preprint, posted to the ArXiv server, that has not yet been published in a refereed journal as of early 2023.

[3] However, subsequent follow-up observations by two independent groups did not find evidence of continued periodic brightness variations, casting doubt on the binary black hole hypothesis.

[2] It forms a triple galaxy system called HOLM 655, alongside UGC 9322 and Markarian 683.

[6] SDSS J1430+2303 is 1.05 × 1022 km from Earth (or 1.11 billion light years, 339 Mpc) with a redshift of 0.08105.