The Combat Organization (Russian: Боевая Организация, romanized: Boyevaya Organizatsiya, or the Fighting Organization) was the terrorist branch within the Socialist Revolutionary Party of Russia.

"[1] (This phrasing was followed in his own memoirs by Whittaker Chambers, an American spy for the Soviets.

In July 1904 they murdered the Russian Minister of the Interior, Vyacheslav von Plehve.

In 1904, Gershuni was arrested, and Yevno Azef succeeded him, with Boris Savinkov as his deputy.

Azef, a double-agent in the employ of the Tsarist secret police Okhrana, changed the Terrorist Brigade's mode of attack from firearms to dynamite.