Saint-Michel-l'Observatoire (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ miʃɛl lɔpsɛʁvatwaʁ]; Occitan: Sant Miquèu de l'Observatòri) is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France.

It was the death place of 18th-century botanist Jean-Paul de Rome d'Ardène and Taos Amrouche, the French-speaking Algerian writer, singer of Kabyle music, and activist for women's causes.

Saint-Michel-l'Observatoire is the "host town" of the Haute-Provence Observatory, a nationally ranked facility.

The neighboring towns of Saint-Michel-Observatoire are Revest des Brousses, Mane, Dauphin, Saint-Martin-les-Eaux, Villemus, Reillane and Aubenas-les-Alpes.

The town has two main villages, Saint-Michel and Lincel and several hamlets including the Craux, and quite a few differences.