Sainte-Mélanie was formerly part of the territory of the Ailleboust Seignory, granted to Jean d'Ailleboust d'Argenteuil (1694-1785) in 1736.

Charlotte-Mélanie's husband, Marc-Antoine-Louis Lévesque (1782-1833), donated the land in 1814 for a chapel that was eventually built in 1830.

The Parish of Sainte-Mélanie was founded in 1832, and four years later in 1836, the post office opened under the name Daillebout.

In 1881, the post office was renamed to Sainte-Mélanie, and more than a century later in 1986, the municipality followed suit by also adopting this shortened name.

[4] Private dwellings occupied by usual residents: 1,394 (total dwellings: 1,518) Mother tongue: Commission scolaire des Samares operates francophone public schools, including: The Sir Wilfrid Laurier School Board operates anglophone public schools, including: