Samuel Calvin (February 2, 1840 – April 17, 1911) was Iowa's first systematic geologist, helping to make the first bedrock and landform maps of Iowa, as well as leading geological research throughout the state.
He was born in Scotland, attended Lenox College (now defunct) in Hopkinton, Iowa, where he later taught.
One of his collaborators was Thomas Huston Macbride, the notable Iowa naturalist.
Calvin documented the Devonian and Aftonian beds of Iowa, and was an expert on Pleistocene fauna.
Calvin was president of the Geological Society of America in 1908.