Samuel Cony (February 27, 1811 – October 5, 1870) was an American politician, who most notably served as the 31st Governor of Maine from 1864 to 1867.

Cony was originally a Democrat and served as a member of the Maine House of Representatives from 1835 to 1836 from Penobscot County.

He also served as a member of the governor's executive council (1839), the land agent for Maine (1847–1850).

During his administration, troops and provisions continued to be raised for the American Civil War.

Cony announced that he would not accept another nomination in his inaugural address at the opening of the legislature in January 1866.

Samuel Cony House, has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1985.